WebCaliphate. 632–661. The Rashidun Empire reached its greatest extent under Caliph Uthman, in 654. Capital. Medina (632–656) Kufa (656–661) Languages. Arabic, Aramaic … WebMar 25, 2024 · Prelude. The institution of caliphate was conceived in 632 CE after the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad (570-632 CE). In the eyes of the Sunni Muslims, the first four sovereigns were part of the Rashidun Caliphate (632-661 CE, rightly guided caliphs), but the Shia Muslims discredit the first three as usurpers to the rightful throne of the 'Ahl …
Art of the Umayyad Caliphate: Mosques, Domes, & Desert Palaces
WebAfter the death of the Muslim prophet Muhammad in 632 CE, the Muslim community of Arabia was led by a caliph ^1 1. The caliph was to be a spiritual and political leader, elected by his fellow Muslims. From 632-661, under the Rashidun Caliphate, the Muslim community elected caliphs who were close associates and extended family members of … The Rashidun Caliphate expanded steadily; within the span of 24 years, a vast territory was conquered comprising Mesopotamia, the Levant, parts of Anatolia, and most of the Sasanian Empire . Unlike the Sasanian Persians, the Byzantines, after losing Syria, retreated back to Anatolia. See more The Rashidun Caliphate (Arabic: اَلْخِلَافَةُ ٱلرَّاشِدَةُ, romanized: al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah) was the first caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was ruled by the first four successive caliphs of … See more Abu Bakr's reign (632–634) Accession to Caliphate After Muhammad's death in June 632, a gathering of the Ansar (lit. 'Helpers'), the natives of Medina, took place in the Saqifah (courtyard) of the Banu Sa'ida clan. The general belief … See more Bait-ul-Maal Bait-ul-Maal (lit., the house of money) was the department that dealt with the revenues and all other economic matters of the state. In the time of Muhammad, there was no permanent Bait-ul-Mal or public See more After Muhammad's death in 632 CE, his Medinan companions debated which of them should succeed him in running the affairs of the Muslims while Muhammad's household was busy with his burial. Umar and Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah pledged their loyalty to See more The basic administrative system of the Dar al-Islamiyyah (The House of Islam) was laid down in the days of Muhammad. Caliph Abu Bakr stated in his sermon when he was elected: "If I order any thing that would go against the order of Allah and his Messenger; … See more The mosques were not merely places for offering prayers, but also community centers where the faithful gathered to discuss problems … See more Some secular scholars have questioned the traditional Sunni view of the Rashidun. Robert G. Hoyland states that "writers who lived at the same time as the first four caliphs ... recorded next to nothing about them, and their names do not appear on coins, inscriptions, … See more orchca
Umayyad dynasty - Wikipedia
WebSep 27, 2024 · The Umayyad Caliphate, which emerged after the Rashidun Caliphate collapsed, was characterized by hereditary elections and territory expansion. ... Syria remained the Umayyads’ main power base thereafter, and Damascus was their capital. Under the Umayyads, the caliphate territory grew rapidly. The Islamic Caliphate … WebDec 12, 2024 · Illustration. by Mohammad adil. published on 12 December 2024. Download Full Size Image. A map showing the maximum extent of the empire of the Rashidun Caliphate in 654 CE under Caliph Uthman … WebThe first, the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661, was led by the sahabah, the “companions” who were the family and friends of the Prophet and who were all drawn from Muhammad’s own Quraysh tribe. The second caliphate, the Umayyads, 661–750, moved the capital to Damascus in Syria. iptv username password